Instruments
Tape
A credit for "tape" refers to the creator and operator of a tape recording that is an integral part of a recorded performance. The first "tape pieces" arose in experimental academic circles in the post-World War II era, not long after the invention of magnetic tape; French composers Pierre Schaeffer and Edgard Varèse were tape pioneers. When pop electronics developed from their academic forbears in the 1970s, tape became a common component of pop performances, especially in electronics-oriented genres. Generally the tape, in pre-sequencer days, served as a medium for fixing and reproducing electronic sounds, but, as with a sequencer, a tape could contain any recorded sound. The sequencer has rendered the tape credit less frequent, but the technique was a durable one; the use of tape, usually in its digital form, persists in both the pop and classical spheres.
Artist Highlights
| Artist |
Active |
Styles |
| Vladimir Ussachevsky
|
1930s - 1980s |
Musique Concrète, Avant-Garde Music, Modern Composition, Experimental Electronic |
| Tod Dockstader
|
1950s - 2010s |
Experimental Electronic, Musique Concrète, Tape Music, Microsound, Ambient, Avant-Garde Music, Chamber Music |
| Pierre Schaeffer
|
1940s - 1990s |
Modern Composition, Musique Concrète, Tape Music, Experimental Electronic, Avant-Garde Music, Symphony |
| François Bayle
|
1960s - 1990s |
Avant-Garde Music, Experimental Electronic, Musique Concrète, Film Score |
| Pierre Henry
|
1950s - 2010s |
Experimental Electronic, Musique Concrète, Radio Works, Electronic/Computer Music, Avant-Garde Music |
| Karlheinz Stockhausen
|
1950s - 1990s |
Avant-Garde Music, Modern Composition, Musique Concrète, Chamber Music, Opera, Experimental Electronic, Keyboard |
| Milton Babbitt
|
1930s - 2000s |
Experimental Electronic, Musique Concrète, Chamber Music, Keyboard, Avant-Garde Music |
| Luc Ferrari
|
1950s - 2000s |
Modern Composition, Musique Concrète, Experimental Electronic, Keyboard, Avant-Garde Music, Chamber Music |
| Iannis Xenakis
|
1950s - 1990s |
Experimental Electronic, Modern Composition, Musique Concrète, Avant-Garde Music, Chamber Music, Orchestral, Keyboard, Microsound, Vocal Music |
| Pierre Boulez
|
1940s - 2010s |
Modern Composition, Musique Concrète, Avant-Garde Music, Electro-Acoustic, Experimental Electronic, Orchestral, Keyboard, Chamber Music, Concerto, Vocal Music |